This past July was the hottest month every recorded. July 2024 essentially tied with July 2023 has the hottest periods in modern history. July was the 14th straight month that Earth set a new warmth record for that month in both NASA and NOAA’s data, a streak that started in June 2023.

Due to its dramatic impact on the human ability to grow food, the Haber process served as the “detonator of the population explosion”

• Accord between nation in UN to address climate change

• Goal to keep increase in global temperature below 2 °C
  • pursue efforts to limit increase to 1.5
  • pursue net zero emissions

• Contributions by country determined by that country
  • no emissions targets or dates
  • must go beyond current efforts
  • framework for transparency

• If CO₂ emissions stopped today:
  • 50% absorbed by land/water in 30 yrs
  • 30% in atmosphere for centuries
  • 20% in atmosphere for 1000 yrs

• Future warming is inevitable
  • land sinks uncertain
  • ocean sinks weakening

• Negative emissions technologies (carbon capture) are in start up phases